first way in passing to the truth and the light. The second way is indicated by, “Nor those who have received Your wrath” and is the way of those who worship causes and who give the power to create and the effect to intermediaries, like the Peripatetic philosophers. They tried to open up the way to the ultimate truth and knowledge of the Necessarily Existent One by means of the intellect and reason alone. As for the third way, which is indicated by, “Those upon whom You have bestowed Your grace,” it is the luminous highway of the people of the Qur’an, who are the people of the straight path. This luminous highway is a brilliant way revealed and bestowed by the Most Merciful One. It is the shortest, the easiest, the safest way, and it is open to everyone. ∗ ∗ ∗