expounder, lucid exposition, articulate proof, and clear translator of the divine essence, attributes, and deeds; the instructor, true wisdom, guide, and leader of the world of humanity; it is both a book of wisdom and law, and a book of prayer and worship, and a book of command and summons, and a book of invocation and divine knowledge – it is book for all spiritual needs; and it is a sacred library offering books appropriate to the ways of all the saints and veracious, the purified and the scholars, whose ways and paths are all different.

Consider the flashes of miraculousness in its repetitions, which are imagined to be a fault: since the Qur’an is both a book of invocation and a book of prayer and a book of summons, the repetition in it is desirable, indeed, it is essential and most eloquent. It is not as the faulty imagine. For the mark of invocation is illumination through repetition. The mark of prayer is strengthening through repetition. The mark of command and summons is confirmation through repetition. Moreover, everyone is not capable of always reading the whole Qur’an, but is mostly able to read one sura. Therefore, since the most important purposes of the Qur’an are included in most of the longer suras, each is like a small Qur’an. That is to say, so that no one should be deprived, certain of its aims, like divine unity, the resurrection of the dead, and the story of Moses, have been repeated. Also, like bodily needs, spiritual needs are various. Man is need of some of them every breath; as the body needs air, so the spirit needs the word Hu\ (He). Some he is in need of every hour, like “In the Name of God.” And so on. That means the repetition of verses arises from the repetition of need. It makes the repetition in order to point out the need and awaken and provoke it, and to excite desire and appetite.

Also, the Qur’an is a founder; it is the basis of the Clear Religion and the foundation of the world of Islam. It changed human social life, and is the answer to the repeated questions of its various classes. Repetition is necessary for a founder in order to establish things. Repetition is necessary to corroborate them. Confirmation, verification and repetition are necessary to emphasize them.

Also, it speaks of such mighty matters and minute truths that numerous repetitions are necessary in different forms in order to establish them in everyone’s hearts. Nevertheless, they are repetitions only apparently; in reality every verse has numerous meanings, numerous benefits, and many aspects and levels. In each place they are mentioned with a different meaning, for different benefits and purposes.

Also, the fact that the Qur’an is unspecific and concise in certain matters to do with cosmos is a flash of miraculousness for purposes of