Istanbul Foundation for Science and Culture
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|The Second Article : The Element of Rhetoric and Eloquence|[85](/rational-arguments/the-second-article-the-element-of-rhetoric-and-eloquence/10540/35/85/108#852)|

|The First Matter|[85](/rational-arguments/the-second-article-the-element-of-rhetoric-and-eloquence/10540/35/85/108#852)|

|The Second Matter|[87](/rational-arguments/the-second-article-the-element-of-rhetoric-and-eloquence/10540/35/85/108#872)|

|The Third Matter|[89](/rational-arguments/the-second-article-the-element-of-rhetoric-and-eloquence/10540/35/85/108#892)|

|The Fourth Matter|[91](/rational-arguments/the-second-article-the-element-of-rhetoric-and-eloquence/10540/35/85/108#912)|

|The Fifth Matter|[92](/rational-arguments/the-second-article-the-element-of-rhetoric-and-eloquence/10540/35/85/108#922)|

|The Sixth Matter|[94](/rational-arguments/the-second-article-the-element-of-rhetoric-and-eloquence/10540/35/85/108#942)|

|The Seventh Matter|[98](/rational-arguments/the-second-article-the-element-of-rhetoric-and-eloquence/10540/35/85/108#982)|

|The Eighth Matter|[99](/rational-arguments/the-second-article-the-element-of-rhetoric-and-eloquence/10540/35/85/108#992)|

|The Ninth Matter|[100](/rational-arguments/the-second-article-the-element-of-rhetoric-and-eloquence/10540/35/85/108#1002)|

|The Tenth Matter|[103](/rational-arguments/the-second-article-the-element-of-rhetoric-and-eloquence/10540/35/85/108#1032)|

|The Eleventh Matter|[104](/rational-arguments/the-second-article-the-element-of-rhetoric-and-eloquence/10540/35/85/108#1042)|

|The Twelfth Matter|[104](/rational-arguments/the-second-article-the-element-of-rhetoric-and-eloquence/10540/35/85/108#1042)|

|Conclusion|[107](/rational-arguments/the-second-article-the-element-of-rhetoric-and-eloquence/10540/35/85/108#1072)|

|The Third Article : The Element of Doctrine|[109](/rational-arguments/the-third-article-the-element-of-doctrine/10556/35/109/157#1092)|

|The First Aim|[111](/rational-arguments/the-third-article-the-element-of-doctrine/10556/35/109/157#1112)|

|The Second Aim|[127](/rational-arguments/the-third-article-the-element-of-doctrine/10556/35/109/157#1272)|

|The First Way|[136](/rational-arguments/the-third-article-the-element-of-doctrine/10556/35/109/157#1362)|

|The Second Way|[138](/rational-arguments/the-third-article-the-element-of-doctrine/10556/35/109/157#1382)|

|The Third Way|[139](/rational-arguments/the-third-article-the-element-of-doctrine/10556/35/109/157#1392)|

|The Fourth Way|[142](/rational-arguments/the-third-article-the-element-of-doctrine/10556/35/109/157#1422)|

|The Fifth Way|[151](/rational-arguments/the-third-article-the-element-of-doctrine/10556/35/109/157#1512)|

|The Third Aim|[154](/rational-arguments/the-third-article-the-element-of-doctrine/10556/35/109/157#1542)|

|General Index|159|

|Index of Qur'anic Verses and Hadiths|167|

4–6 October 2026 · Istanbul

13th International Bediuzzaman Symposium

Visit the symposium website for the programme, papers and registration.