is not an expert in one science and does not use the rest of his knowledge to complete and supplement it, all the miscellaneous things he knows will form an anomalous conglomeration.

A humorous yarn to explain this:

Suppose there is a portraitist who arrives on the earth from another world. He has seen the entire figure of neither man nor beast, so if he wants to draw the picture of a man or a figure out of all the things he has observed; for instance, a man out of one hand, one foot, one eye, half a face, a nose, and a turban; or an animal made up of various things that strike his eye like a horse's tail, a camel's hump, a man's face, and a lion's head: the people will tell him that because of the incompatibility of those things they cannot support life, and such weird creatures do not meet the conditions of life. They will pour scorn on the portraitist.

This rule is exactly applicable to the modern sciences. The solution is to take one science as one's main science and to make all the rest of one's knowledge a reservoir and pool for it.

Also, it is a constant law that if a single book contains numerous sciences (ulûm), the sciences will push and jostle each other. For since they will lead to one another and take each other by the hand, they will embrace and answer each other, and will therefore be so interwoven that in comparison with the book as a whole, the matters of any one science (fen) will be negligible. It is because this question has been disregarded that when a literalist or a Sophist sees a matter included parethetically in a work about the Shari'a or a Qur'anic commentary (tefsir), he declares: "That is the Shari'a or the commentary!" [and holds such matters to be fundamental to the work]. If he is friendly, he says: "The person who doesn't accept this can't be Muslim." Or if hostile, he makes it a pretext, [and condemns the work,] saying: "The Shari'a or the commentary is wrong."

O you who goes to one extreme or the other! Qur'anic commentaries and the Shari'a are one thing, and books written about them are something else. For books are more extensive. Worthless things may be found in such shops besides the jewels. If you've grasped