Note on Abbreviations

and Transliteration

For the sake of simplicity, all words of either Turkish, Arabic, or Persian origin have been translated according to the modern Turkish system. The following are the equivalent sound in English and French:

c — j, as in jot.

ç — ch, as in chop.

ş — sh, as in shop.

ğ — unpronounced, lengthens preceding vowel.

ı — no equivalent, approximately as in io of station.

ö — as in French peu.

ü — as in French rue.

Said — is approximately pronounced Sa'eed.

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|In the footnotes, the following abbreviations are used:|

|Tarihçe — (Bediuzzaman's 'official' biography, prepared during his life time) Risale-i Nur Külliyatı Müellifi Bediüzzaman Said Nursî — Hayatı, Mesleki, Tercüme-i Hâli.|

|Şahiner, Said Nursî — Bilinmeyen Taraflarıyle Bediüzzaman Said Nursî, Kronolojik Hayatı (unless otherwise stated, 6 th edition, 1988).|

|Son Şahitler, i-v — N. Şahiner, Son Şahitler Bediüzzaman Said Nursî'yi Anlatıyor, Vols. 1-5.|

|Aydınlar Konuşuyor — N. Şahiner, Said Nursî ve Nurculuk Hakkında Aydınlar Konuşuyor.|

|Cemal Kutay, Bediüzzaman — Çağımızda Bir Asr-ı Saadet Müslümanı Bediüzzaman Said Nursî.|

|Ott. edn. — Ottoman edition.|

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|In the text, the following abbreviation is used:|

|CUP — Committee of Union and Progress.|