Also, many Jewish and Christian scholars acknowledged and admitted that the attributes of Muhammad the Arabian (Upon whom be blessings and peace) were written in their scriptures. [^305] The famous Roman Emperor Heraclius, who was a non-Muslim himself, said: “Jesus foretold Muhammad’s coming.” [^306]

[^305]: Ibn Hishām, al-Sīrat al-Nabawiyya, i, 217; Bayhaqī, Dalā’il al-Nubūwwa, ii, 744; Qāḍī Iyāḍ, al-Shifā’, i, 363-5.

[^306]: Ibn Sayyid al-Nās, 'Uyūn al-Athar ii, 26; Qāḍī Iyāḍ, al-Shifā' i, 364; 'Alī al-Qārī, Sharḥ al-Shifā', 745.

Also, another Roman ruler called Muqawqis, the Governor of Egypt, [^307] and celebrated Jewish scholars and leaders such as Ibn Suriya, Zubayr b. Batiya, Ibn Akhtab and his brother Ka‘b b. Asad, although remaining non-Muslim, admitted: “He is described in our Books.” [^308]

[^307]: Suyūṭī, al-Khaṣā’iṣ al-Kubrā, ii, 139; Qāḍī Iyāḍ, al-Shifā’, i, 366; ‘Alī al-Qārī, Sharḥ al-Shifā’, i, 744-5; Ibn Kathīr, al-Bidāya wa’l-Nihāya, iv, 80, 81, 272; Bayhaqī, Dalā’il al-Nubūwwa, iii, 362; Wāqidī, Kitāb al-Maghāzī, 403-4; Abū Nu‘aym, Dalā’il al-Nubūwwa, i, 85.

[^308]: Qāḍī Iyāḍ, al-Shifā’, i, 366; Alī al-Qārī, Sharḥ al-Shifā’, i, 744-5; Ibn Kathīr, al-Bidāya wa’l-Nihāya, iv, 80-1; Bayhaqī, Dalā’il al-Nubūwwa, iii, 361-2; Wāqidī, al-Maghāzī 403-4; Ibn Jawzī, Ṣifāt al-Ṣafwā, iii, 361-2; Abū Nu‘aym, Dalā’il al-Nubūwwa, i, 79; ii, 492.

Also, some of the well-known Jewish scholars and Christian priests gave up their obduracy on seeing Muhammad’s (UWBP) attributes as described in the above-mentioned books, and believed in him. They then pointed out these references to other Jewish and Christian scholars, and convinced them. Among them were the famous ‘Abdullah b. Salam, Wahb b. Munabbih, Abu Yasir, the two sons of Sa‘ya, Asid and Tha‘laba, and Shamul. The latter lived at the time of Tubba‘, the ruler of Yemen. [^309] Shamul became a believer before Muhammad’s prophetic mission and without ever seeing him, just as Tubba‘ did. While the guest of the Bani Nadir before the prophetic mission, a gnostic called Ibn al-Hayyaban, declared: “A prophet will soon appear, and this is the place he will emigrate to.” He died there. Later, when that tribe was at war with God’s Messenger (Upon whom be blessings and peace), Asid and Tha‘laba came forward and cried out to the tribe: “By God, he is the one Ibn al-Hayyaban promised would come. Don’t fight him!” [^310] But they did not heed him, and paid the penalty.

[^309]: Bayhaqī, Dalā’il al-Nubūwwa, i, 367; ii, 526; vi, 240-9; al-Hindī, Kanz al-‘Ummāl, xi, 401; xii, 390-408; Qāḍī Iyāḍ, al-Shifā’, i, 364; ‘Alī al-Qārī, Sharḥ al-Shifā’, i, 739-43; al-Haythamī, Majma‘ al-Zawā’id, viii, 240.

[^310]: Bayhaqī, Dalā’il al-Nubūwwa, ii, 80-1; iv, 31; ‘Alī al-Qārī, Sharḥ al-Shifā’, i, 744-5; Yūsuf Nabhānī, Ḥujjat Allāh ‘alā’l-‘Ālamīn, 137; Abū Nu‘aym, Dalā’il al-Nubūwwa, i, 82; Ibn al-Jawzī, Ṣifāt al-Ṣafwā, i, 87.

Also, many Jewish scholars like Ibn Yasin, Mikhayriq, and Ka‘b al-